Digestive-diseases A to Z

Achalasia cardia - It is an esophageal disorder that mimic heart disease, therefore, also is called cardiospasm. This is an important cause of dysphagia that means swallowing so that food is held at the lower end of the esophagus and stomach does not pass easily.

Achalasia cardia - Signs, symptoms and causes

- Causes
Although the cause of achalasia cardia real is not exactly known, there are some theories:
motor nerve supplying esophagus is vagus nerve that controls movement. It is assumed that any disruption of the vagus nerve can cause achalasia cardia be one or cardiospasm.
- Many people have the habit of breathing through the mouth can suffer from achalasia, so it is assumed that air swallowing may have a role in producing or achalasia cardia cardiospasm.
- Hirschsprung's disease or megacolon is a congenital gastrointestinal and cardia achalaisa may be due to primary expansions.
- Lack of integrated parasympathetic stimulation and without propulsion motility of the esophagus can lead to dilation of the esophagus causing achalasia cardia.
These are theories postulated etiology cardiospasm although none of these cases have not been authenticated degree. Signs and symptoms
Symptoms include difficulty swallowing both solids and liquids associated with regurgitation and belching plus chest pain. Solid food usually pass sfinctec because of its weight and the effect of gravity.

Dysphagia for liquids is important and result in vomiting containing pseudo esophageal contents. Chronic cold food dysphagia may occur early in life due to failure of relaxation of the lower end of the esophagus.
In the late stages of disease complications include:
- Aspiration pneumonia by aspiration of food ingurgitate
- Esophagitis the esophageal wall irritation due to fermentation of food.
- Cancer of the esophagus.

Diagnostic
Achalasia cardia can be diagnosed through a combination of signs and symptoms reported by the patient and based on laboratory tests (chest radiograph, barium fluoroscopy, endoscopy, esophageal scintigraphy).

Achalasia cardia - Treatment

Although surgery is the treatment of achalasia cardia finally, there are some medications used in the initial stage .Unele anticholinergic drugs may be prescribed achalasia cardia in the initial stage, this helps reduce secretions and thus prevents regurgitation.
Treatment of choice for achalasia cardia or cardiospasm surgery is called Heller myotomy cardio or operation. This is achieved through thoraco abdominal lower esophageal end is incised longitudinally to the mucosa.